Breathtaking Türkiye

West Asia

Breathtaking Türkiye

Introduction:

Türkiye

Capital: Ankara
Population: 86.262 million (2023)
Area: 783562 km²
Language: Turkish
Currency: Turkish Lira (TRY)

Laying at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, Türkiye boasts a unique geographic position that has shaped its history and culture. It shares borders with Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east, and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. To the north lies the Black Sea, to the west the Aegean Sea, and to the south the Mediterranean, framing the country with significant maritime boundaries. Its diverse landscape is marked by the Taurus Mountains in the south and the Pontic Mountains in the north, while the Anatolian Plateau stretches across the heart of the country. Istanbul, Türkiye’s largest city and cultural hub, bridges two continents, with its Bosporus Strait dividing Europe and Asia. The city is home to over 3,000 mosques, including the iconic Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque, and features energetic bazaars like the Grand Bazaar, one of the largest and oldest covered markets in the world. Beyond Istanbul, Türkiye offers a wealth of landmarks, from the ancient ruins of Ephesus and the Roman theater at Aspendos to the rock-hewn churches of Cappadocia and the limestone terraces of Pamukkale. Türkiye’s history spans thousands of years, with civilizations such as the Hittites, Byzantines, and Ottomans leaving their mark. As the center of the Ottoman Empire for over six centuries, Türkiye played a pivotal role in world history, influencing regions across three continents. The empire's legacy endures in the country’s architectural, culinary, and cultural traditions. Today, Türkiye is a modern republic that continues to honor its historical roots while evolving as a dynamic nation.

Top Places to Visit:

Istanbul

Istanbul, located in the northwest of Türkiye, straddles both Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait. It is Türkiye's largest city and a key cultural and historical center. The city serves as a major transport hub with Istanbul Airport offering international and domestic flights, making it easily accessible for travelers all over the world. Istanbul's rich history is evident in its landmarks, including the Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, and the Topkapi Palace. These sites provide insight into the city's role as the capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires. The Grand Bazaar, one of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world, exhibits a breathtaking atmosphere with local goods and souvenirs. Istanbul has a population of over 15 million people, contributing to heavy traffic, especially in the central areas. Despite the congestion, the city's layout, public transport, and ferries across the Bosphorus make it easy for visitors to navigate and access key attractions.

Cappadocia

Cappadocia, located in central Türkiye, is renowned for its unique rock formations and historical significance. The region is easily accessible from major cities like Kayseri and Nevşehir, both of which have airports offering domestic flights. You can also use buses directly from Ankara or Istanbul. Cappadocia’s history is marked by ancient underground cities, carved into the soft volcanic rock, which were used as shelters and defense mechanisms in times of conflict. The Göreme Open-Air Museum, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is home to numerous rock-hewn churches and monasteries, featuring well-preserved frescoes that depict biblical scenes. The region’s landscape, shaped by volcanic eruptions and erosion, creates striking geological formations, which attract visitors worldwide. Hot air balloon rides over the area’s fairy chimneys and valleys are a popular activity, providing unique views at sunrise. Cappadocia is a relatively quiet region with small towns and villages. However, its popularity with tourists can lead to busy periods, especially during peak season.

Ölüdeniz

Ölüdeniz, located in southwestern Türkiye near the town of Fethiye, is famous for its Blue Lagoon and crystal-clear turquoise waters. The area is accessible with Dalaman Airport located approximately 60 kilometers to the east, providing domestic and international flights. Ölüdeniz is a well-known destination for beachgoers and paragliders, with its amazing aerial views of the lagoon and the surrounding Babadag Mountain. Nature enthusiasts can explore nearby Butterfly Valley, accessible by boat or a short hike, which displays seascapes, landscapes and waterfalls. A short drive from Ölüdeniz, around 25 kilometers to the west, leads to Kaputaş Beach, known for its dramatic cliffs and blue waters. Together, Ölüdeniz and Kaputaş Beach offer some of the most beautiful coastal experiences in Türkiye, making them top destinations for both relaxation and adventure. While the area can get busy during the high season, it remains a popular hub for tourists seeking a merge of nature and outdoor activities.

Pamukkale

Pamukkale, located in southwestern Türkiye, is famous for its white travertine terraces formed by mineral-rich thermal waters. These terraces create a unique landscape where visitors can walk along warm, cascading pools. Nearby is the ancient city of Hierapolis, a UNESCO World Heritage site. The site includes ruins such as an ancient theater and necropolis, providing insight into the region's rich history. Pamukkale is also home to the Cleopatra Pools, where visitors can swim in thermal waters surrounded by submerged ancient columns. Pamukkale is situated about 20 kilometers from the city of Denizli, which has an airport offering domestic flights. The town of Pamukkale is easily accessible by road, making it a popular destination for those interested in natural beauty and historical exploration. Note that this place can be quite crowded, during peak seasons.

Ephesus

Ephesus, located in western Türkiye near the town of Selçuk, is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in the Mediterranean. The site provide a detailed view of Roman civilization, with key landmarks such as the Library of Celsus, the Temple of Artemis, and the Roman amphitheater. The Library of Celsus, known for its intricate façade, stands as one of the most iconic structures in Ephesus. The Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, highlights the city’s historical importance. The Roman amphitheater, once seating 25,000 spectators, remains a testament to Ephesus’ grandeur. Ephesus is about 70 kilometers from the Aegean coast, with İzmir being the closest major city and airport, located roughly 45 kilometers away. The site is easily accessible by road, making it a key destination for those interested in exploring ancient history.

Antalya & Alanya

Pirate Boat Cruise near the Castle on the Coast of Alanya, Türkiye — Kadir Akman (Pexels)

Antalya, located on Türkiye’s southwestern coast, is a key gateway to the Turquoise Coast. The city is known for its historical sites, including the old town of Kaleiçi, where visitors can explore narrow streets lined with Ottoman-era houses and shops. Nearby, the ruins of Aspendos, famous for its well-preserved Roman theater, and the city of Perge, with its grand columns and temples, offer a deep dive into the region's past. About 130 kilometers east, Alanya sits along the coast, offering popular beaches like Cleopatra Beach, known for its soft sands and clear waters. The Alanya Castle, perched atop a hill, provides impressive views of the Mediterranean and vision into the area’s history. Both cities are easily accessible via Antalya International Airport, located approximately 13 kilometers from downtown Antalya. Together, they offer a mix of historical exploration and coastal relaxation, making them top destinations on the Turquoise Coast.

Şanlıurfa (Urfa) & Adıyaman

Ancient Statues on the Nemrut Mountain under a Starry Night Sky, Nemrut, Türkiye — Onur Polat (Pexels)

Şanlıurfa, also known as Urfa, is located in southeastern Türkiye and is home to significant archaeological sites. One of its most famous landmarks is Göbekli Tepe, regarded as one of the world’s oldest known temples, offering discernment into early human spirituality. The city is also known for Halil-ur Rahman Lake, where visitors can enjoy a peaceful atmosphere. About 100 kilometers north of Şanlıurfa, Adıyaman is famous for Mount Nemrut (Nemrut Dağı), a UNESCO World Heritage site. The site puts on display large stone heads and the remnants of an ancient royal tomb. The summit provides stunning wide views, particularly at sunrise. Both cities are accessible by air via the Şanlıurfa GAP Airport and Adıyaman Airport, making them convenient stops for those exploring ancient history and landscapes in southeastern Türkiye. It is also accessible by bus from Cappadocia or other majors cities arounds.

Van

Historic Armenian Church on Akdamar Island & and Old Mosque, Van, Türkiye — İsmail Altın , Kubra Kısa (Pexels)

Van, located in eastern Türkiye around an hour drive away from Iran, is known for its history and natural attractions. The city's main feature is Lake Van, Türkiye's largest lake, offering clear waters and impressive views over the mountains. A boat trip to Akdamar Island provides access to Akdamar Church, an important site reflecting the region's Armenian heritage. Van also includes the ancient Van Castle, built during the Urartian period on a hill overlooking the lake. The city is also known for the Van cats, a unique breed with heterochromatic eyes. Van is accessible by air through Van Ferit Melen Airport, making it an ideal destination for travelers interested in history, nature, and local culture.

Trabzon

View on the Sumela Monastery in Macka & Uzungol Mosque on the Lakeshore, Türkiye — Selin Yalçın Uslu , Yasin Selçuklu , Gezgin Kadraj (Pexels)

Trabzon, located on Türkiye’s Black Sea coast, is a city rich in history, nature, and local culture. It sits next to Rize, not far from the Georgian border, making it a key stop in the northeastern region of the country. The city is known for its green landscapes, thanks to its humid, temperate climate, ideal for growing tea. One of Trabzon’s standout landmarks is the Sumela Monastery, located in Maçka, which is built into a cliffside and offers views of the surrounding forests and mountains. The city also features the Hagia Sophia Mosque, which reflects Byzantine architecture, and the Gülbahar Hatun Mosque, showcasing Ottoman influences. Trabzon is famous for its tea culture, with the surrounding hillsides covered in vast tea plantations. The local tea is an essential part of daily life, and visitors can sample it at numerous tea houses while enjoying the city’s scenic coastal views and vibrant bazaars. Accessible by air via Trabzon Airport, the city’s proximity to Rize, the lush climate, and its unique mixture of cultural influences makes it a great destination for history, nature, and tea enthusiasts alike.

Istanbul, Ankara & Cappadocia

Day of Visit: 7 days
Best Season: All Year
Keywords: Mosque, Church, Nature, Valley, Castle, Museum, UNESCO World Heritage, Religion

Istanbul

Hagia Sophia:
A true icon of Istanbul, worldwidely known, Hagia Sophia showcases a mixture of Byzantine and Ottoman architectural styles. Originally built as a cathedral in the 6th century by Emperor Justinian, it later became a mosque and now serves as an extraordinary symbol of Turkey’s layered history. The massive dome, the intricated mosaics, and towering minarets that captivate visitors from around the world, make this place a must-seen.

Murat Halıcı (Pexels)
Topkapi Palace:
Once the center of Ottoman power for over 400 years, Topkapi Palace is renowned for its lavish courtyards, opulent chambers, and sacred Islamic relics, including the Prophet Muhammad’s cloak and sword. The Harem section and the seascape of the Bosphorus from the palace gardens, make this complex unique.

Nevtug (Pexels)
Grand Bazaar:
Over 4,000 stalls that make up this vibrant, centuries-old marketplace. From handwoven carpets and jewelry to exotic spices and Turkish delights, the Grand Bazaar is a treasure trove for shoppers and culture lovers. With local vendors, soak up the buzzing atmosphere, and savor traditional Turkish tea in one of the cozy corners.

Tayssir Kadamany (Pexels)
Basilica Cistern:
This ancient underground water reservoir built by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian in the 6th century, made of 336 marble columns reflected in the shimmering water and the enigmatic Medusa head sculptures, the Basilica Cistern is both a marvel of engineering and a hauntingly beautiful sight. The atmospheric lighting adds to its magical appeal.

Lokman Sevim, Lokman Sevim, Lokman Sevim (Pexels)
Galata Tower:
Standing since the 14th century, this medieval stone tower gives one of the most spectacular views of Istanbul. From its observation deck, it is possible to gaze over the Bosphorus Strait, the Golden Horn, and the sprawling cityscape. As night falls, the illuminated city creates a truly unforgettable panorama. Inside, the tower hosts a café and a museum for an added cultural experience.

Muhammed Zahid Bulut (Pexels)
Süleymaniye Mosque (Süleymaniye Camii):
A masterpiece by the legendary Ottoman architect Sinan, this grand mosque is an enduring symbol of Istanbul’s spiritual heritage. With its domes, intricated calligraphy, and serene courtyards, Süleymaniye Mosque comes up with a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle. Its hilltop location provides views of the Golden Horn, making it a favorite spot for photographers and visitors.

Musa Ortaç (Pexels)
Grand Çamlıca Mosque (Büyük Çamlıca Camii):
The Türkiye’s largest mosque is a modern architectural masterpiece that mixes traditional Ottoman and contemporary design elements. Opened in 2019, this complex sits atop Çamlıca Hill, giving some of the best overall views of Istanbul and the Bosphorus Strait. The mosque can accommodate up to 63,000 worshippers and set out six towering minarets symbolizing the six pillars of Islamic faith. Beyond the prayer areas, the complex includes a museum, art gallery, library, and a conference hall, making it a cultural hub as well as a place of worship.

Seckin Ayazlar (Pexels)
Ortaköy Mosque (Büyük Mecidiye Camii):
A jewel of Istanbul’s waterfront, Ortaköy Mosque is an exquisite example of Neo-Baroque architecture. Built in the mid-19th century during the reign of Sultan Abdülmecid I (1854-1856), the mosque was designed by architects Garabet and Nigoğayos Balyan, known for their work on imperial Ottoman structures. Situated along the Bosphorus in the lively Ortaköy neighborhood, the mosque is renowned for its ornate interiors, soaring windows that frame stunning views of the Bosphorus, and its iconic location near the Bosphorus Bridge.

Sami Türk (Pexels)
Balat Neighborhood:
Known for its colorful streets, Balat is one of Istanbul's most culturally significant areas of Istanbul. Along the shores of the Golden Horn, Balat has been home to diverse communities, including Jews, Armenians, and Greeks, for centuries. The neighborhood's charm lies in its narrow cobblestone streets, vintage houses painted in a kaleidoscope of colors, and the atmosphere created by its artisanal cafes, antique shops, and street art. Historically, Balat dates back to Byzantine times and retains a nostalgic aura, making it a favorite spot for photographers and artists.

Muhammed Zahid Bulut (Pexels)
Saint Stephen’s Orthodox Church:
Also known as the Iron Church, this unique place of worship is a masterpiece of 19th-century engineering and design. Also located on the shores of the Golden Horn, Saint Stephen’s Orthodox Church was inaugurated in 1898 to serve Istanbul's Bulgarian Orthodox community. What makes it remarkable is its construction entirely from prefabricated cast-iron elements, shipped from Vienna and assembled on-site. The Neo-Gothic and Neo-Baroque architecture, with details adorning its façade and interiors, draws visitors from around the world.

Sami Türk (Pexels)

Ankara

Anitkabir:
Anitkabir, the monumental mausoleum dedicated to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founding father of the Turkish Republic. This architectural marvel combines modernist and traditional Turkish design elements, surrounded by an impressive ceremonial courtyard and a lush Peace Park. Inside awaits the Hall of Honor where Atatürk rests, and the museum showcasing his life, speeches, and personal artifacts. The site exudes a profound sense of history and national pride, making it a must-visit landmark in Ankara.

Rumeysa Akbaş (Pexels)
Ankara Castle:
The Ankara Castle is an ancient hilltop fortress that has stood as a sentinel over the city for centuries. Labyrinthine streets lined with Ottoman-era houses, well-preserved ramparts, and spectacular panoramic views of Ankara’s skyline, make this fortress a special place. The castle also hosts artisan shops, cafes, and small museums, making it a charming stir of history, culture, and local craftsmanship.

Berna (Pexels)
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations:
This world-renowned museum is housed in a beautifully restored 15th-century Ottoman bazaar. It exhibits artifacts spanning thousands of years, from the Paleolithic era to the Ottoman period. Hittite relics, ancient sculptures, and mosaics, each narrating the story of Anatolia’s role as a cultural crossroads. Its a treasure trove for history buffs and a testament to Türkiye’s heritage.

Carole Raddato (Wikimedia Commons) - Modified - CC BY-SA 2.0

Cappadocia

Goreme Open-Air Museum:
This UNESCO World Heritage site is a museum featuring a collection of rock-cut churches, chapels, and monasteries, adorned with vivid frescoes, dating back to the 10th-12th centuries. These well-preserved paintings depict biblical scenes and give an idea of the early Christians' lives. This unique monastic complex carved into the soft volcanic rock is a must for history and nature lovers.

Musa Ortaç (Pexels)
Hot Air Balloon Ride:
The most reputated activities in Cappadocia: floating above its surreal landscape at sunrise. As the balloon ascends, it is possible to admire fairy chimneys, valleys, and villages bathed in a golden light. The serene journey unveils an unforgettable perspective of the region’s volcanic terrain, ancient dwellings, and breathtaking natural beauty. For those less inclined to fly, it is possible to enjoy watching the colorful balloons dot the sky.

Francesco Ungaro (Pexels)
Derinkuyu Underground City:
This multi-level city, which extends 60 meters below the ground, was a house up to 20,000 people and was equipped with stables, churches, kitchens, and ventilation shafts to sustain long-term habitation. Built by early Christians to escape persecution, Derinkuyu is a testament to human ingenuity and resilience. Its dark, winding tunnels create an eerie yet fascinating atmosphere for exploration, another unique place in the world.

Betül Balcı , Betül Balcı , Betül Balcı (Pexels)
Pasabag Valley:
The Pasabag Valley, also known as the Valley of the Monks, famed for its fairy chimneys with distinctive mushroom-shaped tops is a complex of natural rock formations, sculpted by wind and rain over millennia, creating a surreal and otherworldly landscape. The valley also houses hermitages and ancient dwellings, presenting insight into the lives of the monks who once lived here. It’s a photographer’s paradise and a peaceful spot to soak in the magic of Cappadocia.

Sami Türk (Pexels)
Uchisar Castle:
This natural rock fortress is the highest point in Cappadocia, gifting unparalleled views of the region. Uchisar Castle’s strategic location made it a key defensive structure in ancient times, and today, its labyrinth of tunnels and chambers invite exploration, while the summit rewards visitors with amazing panoramas of the valleys, fairy chimneys, and distant Erciyes Mountain. Sunset is a particularly stunning time to visit.

Uğur Sevinç (Pexels)

West Coast of Türkiye

Day of Visit: 5 to 8 days
Best Season: Spring - Summer
Keywords: Beach, Sea, Coastline, Nature, Valley, Temple, Museum, UNESCO World Heritage

Izmir

Agora of Smyrna:
This ancient Roman market is a testament to Izmir’s deep history. The well-preserved ruins include columns, arches, and stone pathways that once thrived with trade and social gatherings, insighting into the life during the Roman era. This place was back then a crowded hub of commerce and culture, centuries ago.

Mustafa Kalkan , Iryna , Doğan Alpaslan Demir (Pexels)
Clock Tower:
The Izmir’s iconic Clock Tower, is a symbol of the city located in the heart of Konak Square. Built in 1901 to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Sultan Abdulhamid II's reign, the tower boasts an Ottoman-style architecture and is a popular spot for both locals and visitors. Surrounded by palm trees and lively city life, the tower provides a picturesque setting for photographers.

Hakan Tahmaz (Pexels)
Kemeralti Bazaar:
A swarming marketplace, one of the oldest in Turkey, looking like a maze of narrow streets lined with shops selling everything from textiles, jewelry, and spices to souvenirs and antiques. Stopping by traditional tea houses and local eateries to sample authentic Turkish delights is an opportunity to take if around Izmir.

Selçuk

Ancient City of Ephesus:
This remarkable UNESCO World Heritage Site, was once a major center of trade and culture in the ancient world. The Library of Celsus is an architectural marvel and one of the most known structures of antiquity, such as the Great Theater, a massive amphitheater that could hold up to 25,000 spectators. The Marble Road, lined with the remnants of temples, fountains, and public baths, all offering a deep look into the grandeur of Roman civilization, will fulfill the history lovers.

Kadir Yeşilbudak , Rozerin Çalışıcı (Pexels)
House of the Virgin Mary:
This sacred pilgrimage site nestled on Mount Koressos is believed to be the final residence of the Virgin Mary. This modest stone house, surrounded by peaceful gardens, is revered by Christians and Muslims alike. This particular spiritual ambiance of the site takes us in traditions such as lighting candles or collecting water from the sacred spring nearby.

Erik Cleves Kristensen (Wikimedia Commons) - Modified - CC BY-SA 2.0
Temple of Artemis:
The remains of what was once one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. While only a few columns and fragments remain today, the site gives a sense of its former magnificence as a grand temple dedicated to the goddess Artemis. It is perfect to learn about the temple’s pivotal role in the religious and cultural life of ancient Ephesus and helps us to reflect on its historical significance as one of the most impressive structures of its time. People can stop by there if they are nearby, only for a very short visit.

Erik Cleves Kristensen (Wikimedia Commons) - Modified - CC BY-SA 4.0

Bodrum

Bodrum Castle:
Perched overlooking Bodrum Bay, this medieval fortress, also known as the Castle of St. Peter, was built by the Knights of St. John in the 15th century. Today, it houses the Museum of Underwater Archaeology, which hosts an impressive collection of ancient shipwrecks, glass artifacts, and treasures recovered from the depths of the Aegean Sea. The castle’s courtyards, towers, and battlements, give us impressive views of the harbor and nearby islands.

Abdulgafur Ögel (Pexels)
Akvaryum Koyu (Aquarium Bay):
Located just a short drive from Bodrum’s center, Akvaryum Koyu is a pristine bay renowned for its crystal-clear, turquoise waters that resemble an aquarium. The beach is surrounded by rugged cliffs and lush vegetation, providing a peaceful and scenic environment. This spot is a favorite among locals and visitors for swimming and snorkeling due to the excellent visibility underwater. It is also popular for boat tours, which often anchor here to allow guests to enjoy the calm waters. The bay remains largely undeveloped, adding to its natural charm, though visitors should bring their essentials as amenities are minimal. Akvaryum Koyu is an ideal destination for those looking to escape the bustling city and immerse themselves in the natural beauty of Bodrum’s coastline.

Yasin Batir (Pexels)
Myndos Gate:
This remnant of the city walls of Halicarnassus, once the capital of the Carian Empire and home to the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was built during the reign of King Mausolus in the 4th century BCE. The Myndos Gate played a crucial defensive role, especially during Alexander the Great’s siege. Today, visitors can explore the ruins, including sections of the wall, nearby towers, and ancient moats, gaining insight into the city’s storied past and strategic importance.

Serhio Magpie (Wikimedia Commons) - Modified - CC BY-SA 3.0

Pamukkale

Travertine Terraces:
The Pamukkale's travertine terraces, was formed by mineral-rich thermal waters cascading down the white limestone slopes over thousands of years. The terraces, resembling frozen waterfalls or a cotton castle (from which Pamukkale gets its name), are a natural wonder and one of Turkey’s most notable sights. Visitors can walk barefoot on designated areas to feel the warmth of the thermal waters while soaking in amazing views of the surrounding valleys.

Alexey Komissarov (Pexels)
Hierapolis Ancient City & Archaeology Museum:
Hierapolis is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was once, a thriving Roman spa city. Its well-preserved theater and structure could seat up to 12,000 spectators, giving us staggering views of the landscape. The grand necropolis, one of the largest ancient cemeteries in Turkey, is showcasing a variety of tomb styles. The Temple of Apollo, the Plutonium (Gate to Hell), and the remnants of the Roman baths and basilicas, are some of the must-visit monuments in the West of Türkiye. The Hierapolis Archaeology Museum, located in a restored Roman bathhouse, showcases an impressive collection of artifacts unearthed from Hierapolis and nearby Laodicea. Intricately carved sarcophagi, ancient statues of gods and emperors, beautiful mosaics, and everyday items helps us to immerse ourselves into Roman life in this spa city.

Furkan Elveren (Pexels)
Cleopatra’s Pool:
The legendary Cleopatra’s Pool is a thermal spring surrounded by old columns that were said to have collapsed during an earthquake. According to a legend, this pool was a gift from Mark Antony to Cleopatra. The warm, mineral-rich waters, with their bubbles rising from submerged ruins, present a unique bathing experience, stiring history, relaxation, and rejuvenation.

Erdi İrbit (Pexels)

South of Türkiye

Day of Visit: 7 to 10 days
Best Season: Spring - Summer
Keywords: Nature, Beach, Sea, Coastline, Valley, Resorts, Relaxation, Nightlife

Antalya

Old Town (Kaleiçi):
The Kaleiçi is the heart of Antalya’s rich history, a pleasant old town surrounded by ancient walls, filled with traditional Ottoman-style houses, boutique shops, cafes, narrow streets and art galleries. The well-known Hadrian’s Gate is a magnificent Roman triumphal arch, and the Yivli Minaret, a symbol of the city, are some of the remainings of the Roman past.

Engin Akyurt (Pixabay) Vlada Karpovich, Funda Izgi (Pexels)
Perge Ancient City:
The fascinating ruins of Perge, a city that was once an active Roman axis, still retain traces of ancient shops and baths. The Hellenistic Gate, the Roman theater, and the stadium, are one of the best-preserved examples of its kind. The site also exposes fountains and aqueducts, demonstrating the advanced engineering of the time. Perge holds historical significance as a city visited by Saint Paul during his missionary journeys.

Engin Akyurt(Pexels)
Düden Waterfalls:
Located just outside Antalya, the Düden Waterfalls are separated in two parts. The Upper Düden Falls, nestled in a green park, comes up with shaded paths and picnic areas, which are perfect for those seeking fresh air during hot days. The Lower Düden Falls plunge into the Mediterranean Sea, creating a view best seen from a boat tour. The waterfalls are perfect to enjoy a refreshing mist, and unwind in the cool natural surroundings.

Engin Akyurt, Mireille T, Ozartedit (Pexels)

Alanya

Alanya Castle:
This 13th-century Seljuk fortress is encircled by nearly 6.5 kilometers of well-preserved walls and features historic ruins, including Byzantine chapels, cisterns, and watchtowers. The castle grounds, house a museum that provides insights into the past of the city. A visit during sunset is particularly interesting, as the golden hues illuminate the sea and surroundings. The Red Tower (Kızıl Kule) and the old shipyard, are also both integral parts of the castle complex.

Okan Yenigun(Pixabay) Engin Akyurt, Semiha Hastaş(Pexels)
Dil Varna Burnu:
Located near Alanya Castle, Dil Varna Burnu is an intriguing and scenic spot accessible primarily by boat. Visitors can marvel at the dramatic cliffs and remnants of the castle walls, leaving many to wonder how these structures were built in such a challenging location. Some adventurous paths leading to the area do exist, but they are steep and best reserved for very experienced hikers.

Many choose to visit as part of a boat excursion from Alanya, which often includes stops to explore the coastline, dinner on board, and even evening entertainment like music and dancing. These tours provide a unique perspective of the area, especially during sunset, making for a memorable experience. Transfers from hotels are commonly included, making it a convenient and enriching outing for those seeking both adventure and relaxation.

Valera Rychman(Pexels)
Kleopatra Beach:
One of Türkiye’s most eminent beaches, Kleopatra Beach is famed for its pristine golden sand and crystal-clear waters. Legend has it that Queen Cleopatra herself swam here, adding a touch of historical allure to its natural beauty. Stretching for nearly two kilometers, the beach is perfect for sunbathing, swimming, and water sports such as jet-skiing and parasailing.

Alparslan Eraslan(Pexels)

Fethiye

South of Türkiye Beaches, South of Türkiye — MJU Photography (Visit Idea)

Ölüdeniz Lagoon:
Known as the “Blue Lagoon”, Ölüdeniz Lagoon is one of Türkiye's most famous beaches. The lagoon is celebrated for its calm, turquoise waters and soft sandy shores, perfect for swimming, paddleboarding, or simply relaxing. Surrounded by mountains, it proposes a tranquil ambiance with wide views. For adventure seekers, paragliding from Babadağ Mountain is a must-do activity, providing a bird’s-eye view of the lagoon and its coastline.

Mikhail Nilov(Pexels)
Butterfly Valley:
This natural wonder accessible by boat ride from Ölüdeniz or via a challenging hiking trail, is a haven for nature lovers, named after the hundreds of butterfly species that inhabit the area, especially the Jersey Tiger butterfly. The valley unveils small waterfalls, a magnificent beach, and trails that lead deeper into the canyon. Visitors can camp, swim in the crystal-clear waters, or soak in the serene atmosphere.

Mikhail Nilov(Pexels)

East of Türkiye

Day of Visit: 7 to 9 days
Best Season: Spring
Keywords: History, Mountains, UNESCO World Heritage, Valley, Plains, Religion

Şanlıurfa

Gobekli Tepe:
The world’s oldest known temple complex and a UNESCO World Heritage site that dates back over 12,000 years. This archaeological wonder is considered the birthplace of early civilization, with carved stone pillars forming circular enclosures. The site gives a look into the religious and social practices of prehistoric societies, long before agriculture or cities existed. Guided tours provide awarness into the ongoing excavations and the mysteries surrounding this ancient marvel.

Recep Tayyip Çelik (Pexels)
Urfa Castle:
Perched on a hill overlooking Şanlıurfa, the Urfa Castle dates back to Roman times and is a significant historical landmark. Visitors can explore its stone walls, ancient watchtowers, and remnants of earlier civilizations. The climb to the castle rewards travelers with views of the city, its bustling bazaars, and surrounding landscapes, making it a prime spot for photography and appreciating the region’s history.

Yusuf Kaya , Yusuf Kaya , Yusuf Kaya (Pexels)
Balıklıgöl:
Known as the Pool of Sacred Fish, Balıklıgöl is steeped in local legend and religious significance. According to Islamic tradition, it is the site where Prophet Abraham was thrown into the fire by King Nimrod, only for the flames to turn into water and the logs into fish. The tranquil pond, surrounded by mosques and gardens, is home to thousands of protected carp that are considered sacred.

Rana (Pexels)
Rızvaniye Mosque:
Situated next to Balıklıgöl in Şanlıurfa, the Rızvaniye Mosque is a serene example of 18th-century Ottoman architecture. Built in 1736 by Rizvan Ahmet Pasha, then-governor of Raqqa, this mosque captivates visitors with its intricate stone craftsmanship, domed structure, and peaceful atmosphere. The mosque is part of a larger complex that includes the Rızvaniye Madrasa, a U-shaped structure surrounding a tranquil courtyard. The madrasa features porticoes, small study rooms, and a domed lecture hall, offering a glimpse into the educational practices of the Ottoman era. Both the mosque and madrasa were restored in the early 1990s, preserving their historical significance. Visitors can enjoy the mosque’s serene courtyard and admire the view of Balıklıgöl, making it a natural stop for those exploring the lake and its surroundings. The Rızvaniye Mosque is not only a place of worship but also a cultural landmark reflecting Şanlıurfa’s rich history and architectural heritage.

Polat Eyyüp Albayrak (Pexels)

Mount Nemrut

View of the Valley from the Nemrut Mountain, Türkiye — Mas Dağtan (Pexels)

Statues of Nemrut:
The monumental stone heads and statues atop Mount Nemrut, a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of Türkiye’s most prominent spot. These colossal sculptures, which represent kings and gods, were commissioned by King Antiochus I of Commagene in the 1st century BCE as part of his royal tomb-sanctuary. The site exposes carved heads of Apollo, Zeus, Hercules, Eagle and Lion deities, scattered across the eastern and western terraces. The statues are a testament to the fusion of Greek, Persian, and Anatolian cultures. The climb to the summit, at over 2,000 meters (6,500 feet) above sea level, rewards visitors with a truly magical experience, especially during sunrise or sunset, when the statues are bathed in golden light, creating a mystical atmosphere.

Onur Polat, Uğurcan Özmen, Mihman Duğanlı(Pexels)

Mardin

Mardin Old City:
The ancient hilltop city, known for its beautifully carved limestone houses, Ottoman-era mansions, churches and mosques, reflects a rich historical heritage. Set in the backdrop of the Mesopotamian plains, the city is a combination of Christian, Islamic, and Syriac Orthodox influences, making it a living testament to the region’s diverse history.

Tuna Ölger(Pixabay)
Zinciriye Medrese:
This 14th-century Islamic school, also known as the Sultan Isa Medrese, dives into the educational and religious traditions of the era but also perspective of Mardin and the surrounding plains. Visitors can admire ornated domes, arched doorways, and calligraphic inscriptions, which reflect the architectural sophistication of the Artuqid dynasty.

Tuna Ölger(Pixabay)
Deir ez-Zafaran Monastery (Mor Hananyo):
This Syriac Orthodox monastery, known as the Saffron Monastery, named for the warm hue of its sandstone walls, dating back over 1,500 years, is a monastery that remains an active religious center and a symbol of the Syriac Christian community. Ancient chapels, carvings, and an underground prayer sanctuary, serve as a unique glimpse into the region’s spiritual evolution.

Berke Asım, Sena N. Altay, Şeyda Nur Yüce (Pexels)
Historical Mardin Castle:
The top of this fortress is often referred to as the Eagle’s Nest for panoramic views of the city and the vast Mesopotamian plains stretching to the horizon. The castle dating back to thousands of years, played a major role in defending the city from invaders and now stands as Mardin’s strategic importance through the ages.

Tuna Ölger(Pixabay)

Van

Lake Van:
Türkiye’s largest lake is a natural wonder located in the highlands of Eastern Anatolia. Famous for its deep blue waters, Lake Van is a saline soda lake, which gives it unique properties. Surrounding the lake are snow-capped mountains, fields, and lovely villages. The local delicacy is an unique Van fish called Inci Kefali. The lake is also home to a mysterious submerged castle and is bathing in folklore, including tales of a legendary lake monster..🐉

Leyla Helvaci(Pexels)
Akdamar Island:
This island is renowned for its 10th-century Armenian Church of the Holy Cross. The church is a masterpiece of medieval Armenian architecture, featuring stone carvings that depict biblical scenes and ancient Armenian culture. Surrounded by the turquoise waters of Lake Van and backed by dramatic mountains, Akdamar Island provides an idyllic setting for photography and contemplation. The island is particularly vibrant during Spring, when the almond trees bloom, covering the landscape with delicate white flowers.

Buğra(Pexels)

Northeast of Türkiye

Day of Visit: 5 days
Best Season: All Year
Keywords: Monastery, Mountains, Hot Springs, Nature, Black Sea, Tea, Lake, Waterfalls, Rafting, Forest

Farmer with Basket on Rural Tea Field in Rize, Türkiye — M.Emin Bilir (Pexels)

Trabzon

Sümela Monastery:
Founded in the 4th century, this extraordinary Byzantine monastery perched on the steep cliffs of Mount Karadağ in Trabzon’s Altındere Valley, is famous for its fresco-covered interiors, depicting religious stories with sprightly colors. Surrounded by dense forests and cascading waterfalls, the monastery offers unmatched views of the valley below, making it a must-see cultural and natural landmark.

Ali Hebip (Pexels)
Uzungöl:
Nestled at an altitude of 1,090 meters in the province of Trabzon, Uzungöl is a serene mountain village surrounded by steep slopes and dense forests, rivaling the beauty of the Alps. Located 100 km from Trabzon and 20 km from Çaykara, the area is a haven for nature lovers and photographers, giving pretty landscapes year-round. During winter, the snow blankets the region, transforming it into a wonderland. The village is also home to an iconic two-story mosque, built in the traditional Turkish Islamic style. Peaceful, and elegant, the mosque complements the natural beauty of the lake and its surroundings. Its striking architecture and serene ambiance make it a must-visit site for those exploring Uzungöl. Whether you come for the tranquility of the lake, the hiking trails, or the cultural richness reflected in the village's structures, Uzungöl promises a memorable experience for everyone.

Samer Daboul (Pexels)
Trabzon Hagia Sophia:
Built between 1250 and 1260 during the reign of Emperor Manuel I of the Empire of Trebizond, the Trabzon Hagia Sophia is a remarkable example of late Byzantine architecture. Located on a rocky promontory overlooking the Black Sea, the structure reflects a harmonious blend of Georgian, Seljuk, and provincial Byzantine influences. Its cross-in-square plan, soaring dome, intricate frescoes, and richly carved stone facades show scenes from the Bible, demonstrating artistry with spirituality. The building has served multiple roles throughout its history—initially a monastery church, later a mosque after the Ottoman conquest in 1461, then a museum in 1964, and most recently, a mosque again in 2013. The freestanding bell tower, constructed in 1427, adds further distinction with its interior astronomical decorations. Today, Trabzon Hagia Sophia remains a symbol of the region’s layered history and architectural ingenuity, giving visitors both cultural depth and breathtaking views of the Black Sea.

Fatmanur Imanci , Samer Daboul (Pexels)

Rize

Ayder Plateau:
Surrounded by mist-covered mountains and lush green meadows, Ayder is known for its natural hot springs. Perfect for relaxation and rejuvenation, the plateau is also a gateway to adventure activities like hiking, ziplining, and exploring nearby waterfalls. Visit during the Summer for lively traditional festivals, or in Winter for serene snow-covered escape, is more than highly recommended.

Enes Tekeşin (Pexels)
Fırtına Valley:
This untamed valley, renowned for its rivers, dense forests, and stone arch bridges, is a paradise for rafting enthusiasts, providing thrilling rapids surrounded by incredible scenery. It is also home of local tea houses, where you can enjoy a cup of authentic Turkish black tea, grown in the nearby plantations.

Maxim Boldyrev (Pexels)
Zile Kale:
Hidden in the mountains of Rize’s Çamlıhemşin district, Zil Kale is a striking medieval fortress dating back to the 14th century. Perched on a steep hill overlooking the Fırtına Valley, it gives magnificent panoramic views of the verdant landscape and the river far below. Built as a strategic defense post, the castle’s robust stone walls and imposing towers stand as a testament to its historical significance. The journey to Zil Kale, through winding mountain roads and dense forests, is as captivating as the destination itself. Once there, visitors can explore the simple yet evocative interior and enjoy the serene natural surroundings. The constant sound of rushing water from the river below adds to the enchanting atmosphere. Located about 30 km from the Ayder Plateau, Zil Kale is accessible for a modest entry fee, making it an unforgettable experience for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Merve Kıratlı , Ali Düzdemir (Pexels)

Must Try Food:

Turkish heritage and cuisine are celebrated for their diversity and rich flavors. Dishes like kebabs, succulent grilled meats, savory pastries filled with cheese or meat, showcase the country's culinary depth. Turkish cuisine reflects a blend of influences from Central Asia, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East, offering a fusion of history and culture in every bite.

Dishes

Adana Kebap

Adana Kebap is a spicy, minced lamb kebab, traditionally grilled on skewers over an open flame. A specialty from Adana, it’s known for its bold flavors, enhanced with red pepper flakes. Served with lavash bread, grilled vegetables, and fresh herbs, it’s a must-try for meat lovers.

Iskender Kebap

Iskender Kebap is a famous Turkish dish featuring thinly sliced döner meat (lamb or beef) served over pita bread. It’s generously topped with a rich tomato sauce, melted butter, and a dollop of yogurt. Originating from Bursa, this flavorful dish is a beloved classic in Turkish cuisine.

Mercimek Çorbası

Mercimek Çorbası is a traditional Turkish red lentil soup, known for its smooth and velvety texture. Made with red lentils, onions, carrots, and spices, it is blended into a creamy consistency and typically served with a squeeze of lemon for added zest. This comforting dish is a staple in Turkish cuisine, enjoyed as a nutritious and flavorful starter.

Desserts

Baklava

Baklava is Türkiye’s most iconic dessert, made with delicate layers of thin phyllo dough, generously filled with chopped nuts like pistachios or walnuts. It’s baked until golden and soaked in a fragrant syrup or honey, creating a rich, crispy, and indulgent treat enjoyed across generations.

Künefe

Künefe is a crispy, golden dessert made from shredded phyllo dough (kataifi) filled with gooey, melted cheese. Baked to perfection, it is then soaked in a fragrant syrup and topped with ground pistachios. This rich, sweet, and slightly savory treat is a favorite in Turkish cuisine.

Lokma

Lokma are deep-fried dough balls, crispy on the outside and soft inside, soaked in sugar syrup or honey. Often sprinkled with cinnamon or sesame seeds, these bite-sized sweets are a popular Turkish street food, enjoyed as a quick snack or dessert, perfect for satisfying a sweet craving.

When is the Best Time to Go:

What to do by Seasons

Türkiye has a diverse climate across its regions, offering something unique in every season — from sunny beaches to snow-covered mountains, and city life all year long.

Summer (June - August) ☀️ Hot temperatures across much of the country, especially in the inland and southern regions. Perfect for beach holidays, sailing, and nightlife along the coast. The mountains offer cooler escapes for hiking.
Best places to visit in Summer in Türkiye: Bodrum, Antalya, Fethiye, Kaş, Marmaris, Alanya, Mount Ararat
Winter (December - February) ❄️ Coastal areas stay mild, but central and eastern Türkiye get cold and snowy. Ideal for winter sports, hot springs, and cultural sightseeing with fewer crowds.
Best places to visit in Winter in Türkiye: Cappadocia, Uludağ (skiing), Erzurum, Pamukkale, Istanbul
Autumn (September - November) 🍁 Cool and pleasant weather makes it a top season for cultural trips, nature walks, and food-focused travel. The landscapes turn golden and cities are vibrant but less crowded.
Best places to visit Autumn in Türkiye: Istanbul, Ephesus, Izmir, Safranbolu, Göbekli Tepe, Pergamon
Spring (March - May) 🌸 One of the best times to visit Türkiye. Nature blooms, and temperatures are perfect for exploring cities, ancient ruins, and countryside. Festivals and local events begin to pick up.
Best places to visit in Spring in Türkiye: Istanbul (tulip season), Cappadocia, Konya, Pamukkale, Bursa

Cultural Explorer
Nature Lover
Photography Enthusiast

Our Partners

Find a Flight

Reserve an Hotel

Rent a Vehicle

Which is the most visited place in Türkiye?▼

Türkiye boasts two of the world's most popular tourist destinations – Istanbul and Antalya.

Which is better, Istanbul or Antalya?▼

Picture bustling bazaars and ancient mosques in Istanbul, or idyllic seashores and dramatic cliffs in Antalya. The perfect Turkish adventure awaits, depending if you prefer culture and historical trips or beaches.

What is the best time to visit Türkiye?▼

Spring and autumn are the perfect times to visit Türkiye's historical sites. Throughout the country, temperatures are pleasantly warm (20°C-30°C) during these seasons. Be aware that the south coast experiences significantly higher temperatures in the summer months (June-September).

How many days is enough for Türkiye?▼

To truly do justice to Türkiye's cultural richness, historical depth, and stunning scenery, aim for a 10-14 day adventure.

Is it safe to travel to Türkiye?▼

Yes, the vast majority of Türkiye is a great destination for travelers! Be advised that the Foreign Office recommends against non-essential travel to areas near the Syrian border (within 10km) and the provinces of Sirnak and Hakkari.

Can a woman travel to Türkiye alone?▼

Yes, Türkiye is generally a safe and welcoming destination for solo female travelers. Most areas are considered a haven for visitors, with rich culture and hospitality. However, the Foreign Office advises against non-essential travel to specific regions: areas within 10km of the Syrian border, as well as Sirnak and Hakkari provinces, due to security concerns.

Is Türkiye easy to travel?▼

Yes, getting around Türkiye is easy! Domestic flights and buses connect major cities, while well-maintained highways make road trips a joy.

How long can I stay in Türkiye as a tourist?▼

For stays under 90 days, you won't need a visa to visit Türkiye for tourism or business purposes. However, if you plan to extend your trip beyond 90 days, be sure to apply for a short-term residence permit before your initial visa expires.

How much money do you need to take to Türkiye for 7 days?▼

For a smooth travel experience, especially outside major cities, consider carrying cash. Budget around 50-60 USD per person daily to cover food, transport, and sightseeing in Türkiye.

What's cheap to buy in Türkiye?▼

Spices, Turkish Delight (lokum), tea, coffee, tobacco, textiles (rugs, kilims, peshtemals), and hand-painted ceramics are affordable and authentic souvenirs from Türkiye.

Should I carry cash in Türkiye?▼

Carrying cash in Türkiye is needed, especially for smaller towns, local markets, and some transport. ATMs are common in cities, but cash ensures a smooth experience. Credit cards work at major businesses, but for daily expenses and flexibility, Turkish Lira (TRY) is best. Consider a mix of cash and cards for peace of mind and convenience.

Survival Kit

Essential Phrases for Travel

Merhaba (Mehr-hah-bah) - Hello
Teşekkür ederim (Teh-shek-kewr Eh-deh-reem) - Thank you!
Lütfen (Loot-fehn) - Please
Ne kadar? (Neh kah-dar) - How much?
Tuvalet nerede? (Too-vah-let neh-reh-deh) - Where is the bathroom?
Affedersiniz (Ah-feh-der-see-neez) - Excuse me / Sorry
İngilizce biliyor musunuz? (Een-gee-leez-jeh bee-lee-yor moo-soo-nooz?) - Do you speak English?
Yardıma ihtiyacım var (Yar-duh-mah eeh-tee-ah-juhm var) - I need help.
Kayboldum (Kai-bol-doom) - I’m lost.
Polisi arayın! (Poh-lee-see ah-rah-yuhn!) - Call the police!

Local Customs

Turkish culture is renowned for its deep-rooted traditions and exceptional hospitality. One of the hallmarks of Turkish life is the tradition of sharing meals, where food and conversation flow abundantly. Guests are warmly welcomed, and offering tea, called çay, is a symbol of friendship and hospitality. When visiting mosques or religious sites, it’s important to respect local customs, as these places are sacred and often used for active worship :

Interior of a Turkish Mosque with Arabic Calligraphic Writings, Türkiye — Sami Türk (Pexels)

Mosque Etiquette: When visiting mosques, be mindful of these customs:
- Dress Modestly: Both men and women should wear modest clothing that covers the shoulders and legs. Women are often expected to cover their hair with a scarf.
- Remove Shoes: It is customary to remove your shoes before entering the mosque. There are designated areas for this.
- Maintain Silence: Keep your voice low and avoid loud conversations. Mobile phones should be switched to silent mode.
- Photography: Always ask for permission before taking photos, especially during prayer times, as some mosques may have restrictions.
Social Customs: When interacting with locals, keep these in mind:
- Greetings: A handshake is common for both men and women, though close friends or family may exchange cheek kisses. A slight bow of the head is also a respectful gesture.
- Gift Giving: If invited to a Turkish home, it’s thoughtful to bring a small gift like sweets or flowers, though avoid giving alcohol unless you are sure it is appropriate.
- Dining Etiquette: Wait for the host to invite you to start eating. It is considered polite to try everything offered, and compliments on the food are always appreciated.
Public Behavior: Respect local norms in public spaces:
- Politeness: Turks highly value courtesy and good manners. Avoid loud or disruptive behavior in public spaces.
- Queueing: While queuing is generally observed, in busy areas, people may not always follow strict lines, so be patient.
- Dress Code: While Türkiye is quite modern, especially in urban areas, dressing modestly is appreciated, particularly when visiting rural areas or religious sites.

Public Transportation Guide

Metro Station with a Train, Türkiye — Sami Türk (Pexels)

Metro: Major cities in Türkiye, including Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir, have modern metro systems that offer a quick, affordable way to navigate urban areas. Each metro operates on multiple lines and connects key points across the cities.
- Istanbul Metro: Istanbul’s metro is extensive, with multiple lines covering both the European and Asian sides of the city. It is ideal for avoiding city traffic and connects with the Marmaray line for cross-continental travel.
  - Istanbul Metro website Provides schedules, maps, and ticketing information.
- Ankara Metro: The Ankara Metro offers a reliable way to move around the capital, with lines covering key neighborhoods and connecting to bus and rail services. It’s a convenient choice for avoiding peak-hour traffic.
  - Ankara Metro website Official site for schedules, maps, and ticketing options.
- Izmir Metro: The Izmir Metro provides service across central Izmir, linking major areas and transferring to other public transportation options, including ferries for coastal travel.
  - Izmir Metro website Details on metro schedules, maps, and travel tips.
Bus: Türkiye has a well-connected bus network that operates in both cities and rural towns. In urban areas, buses are frequent, but in rural areas, schedules may be less predictable. In major cities, you’ll need an Istanbulkart (for Istanbul) or similar transportation card for payment. For intercity travel, here are the main ways to buy bus tickets:
- Bus Stations (Otogar): Major bus terminals in cities like Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, and Antalya have ticket offices for various bus companies. You can purchase tickets directly at these stations. Some key bus terminals include:
  - Esenler Otogar (Istanbul): The largest bus terminal in Türkiye, with routes to nearly every city.
  - AŞTİ (Ankara): The central bus station in Ankara, offering connections nationwide.
  - Izmir Otogar (Izmir): A key hub for travel within the Aegean region and beyond.
- Online Platforms: You can easily book tickets online using various platforms, such as:
  - Obilet.com A popular platform offering multiple bus companies for booking tickets.
  - Busbud An international app that also covers Turkish intercity bus routes.
  - Neredennereye.com A widely-used site in Türkiye for comparing and booking bus tickets.
- Bus Company Websites: Many bus companies offer direct online booking. Some of the well-known bus operators include:
  - Kamil Koç One of the oldest and most popular bus companies in Türkiye.
  - Metro Turizm A major company with extensive routes across the country.
  - Pamukkale Turizm Known for its comfortable buses and wide network.
- Mobile Apps: You can also book tickets using mobile apps for services like Obilet, Metro Turizm, or Pamukkale Turizm.

Minibus with Turkish Flag, Türkiye — Muhammed Zahid Bulut (Pexels)

Dolmuş: A shared minibus service available throughout Türkiye, especially in smaller towns and neighborhoods. Dolmuş routes are affordable, and passengers can hop on and off at various points along the route. Make sure to carry cash and changes in order to pay easily.
Taxi: Taxis are easily available throughout urban areas in Türkiye. While it’s generally best to confirm the meter is used, many travelers prefer using ride-hailing apps for added safety and transparency. Popular apps include:
- BiTaksi A widely-used ride-hailing app in Istanbul and other cities, offering a convenient way to book taxis with transparent fares and tracking.
- Uber Available in major cities like Istanbul, Uber offers flexible ride options with cashless payments and real-time tracking.
- Bolt A convenient ride-hailing app that operates in Istanbul and other cities, offering affordable rides and transparent fares.
Boat Transportation: In cities like Istanbul, ferries and boats are an essential and a key of the daily transportation system, connecting neighborhoods across the Bosphorus, the Golden Horn, and nearby islands. Istanbul’s public ferries are affordable and offer beautiful views of the city’s skyline. Private boat tours are also available, providing more flexibility for sightseeing.

Ferry Boat nearby Kadikoy, Istanbul, Türkiye — Sahibuz Zaman (Pexels)

Car Rental: Renting a car is a great way to explore the diverse landscapes of Türkiye. Major car rental companies operate in airports and cities, offering a wide range of vehicles for your travel needs. Be cautious when driving in rural areas, especially in mountainous regions or along coastal roads, as conditions may vary. Always carry comprehensive insurance and check local driving rules. Popular car rental providers include:
- Europcar Offers a variety of vehicles with rental locations at airports and major cities throughout Türkiye, including Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir.
- Hertz Known for providing quality vehicles, Hertz offers car rentals at key locations in Türkiye, including major airports and city centers.
- Avis A well-established provider with rental offices at airports, including Istanbul, Antalya, and Cappadocia, offering options for both urban and rural driving.
Bicycle Rental: In tourist-friendly areas like Antalya and along the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts, bicycle rentals are available. Be mindful of road conditions and always wear a helmet for safety.

Major Train, Bus Stations, and Airports:

Istanbul:
- Istanbul Otogar Türkiye's largest bus terminal, offering connections to almost every city in the country and making it a hub for nationwide travel.
- Gare de Haydarpaşa Historic station serving routes along eastern Türkiye, currently under renovation with services expected to resume soon.
- Istanbul Airport Türkiye's primary international airport, located on the European side, with extensive connections worldwide.
- Sabiha Gökçen Airport Located on Istanbul’s Asian side, serving domestic and international flights with a range of budget options.
Ankara:
- Ankara Central Train Station Hub for Türkiye's high-speed trains to Istanbul, Konya, and Eskişehir, ideal for swift intercity travel.
- Ankara Esenboğa Airport The primary airport in the capital, providing domestic and international flights.
Izmir:
- Izmir Otogar Key bus terminal serving western Türkiye, with routes along the Aegean coast and to other major cities.
- Adnan Menderes Airport Major airport in Izmir, providing access to the Aegean coast with both domestic and international flights.
Antalya:
- Antalya Bus Terminal Ideal for routes along the Mediterranean coast and connections to various inland destinations.
- Antalya Airport Main airport in the region, serving as a gateway to the Mediterranean coast with extensive international flights.

Road Conditions and Safety Tips:

Road Conditions: Major highways in Türkiye are well-maintained, but roads in rural or mountainous areas can be more challenging. Be cautious of narrow or winding roads, particularly in the regions around the Black Sea and Eastern Anatolia.
Animal Hazards: In rural areas, it's common to encounter livestock such as sheep or cows crossing the road. Drive carefully, especially near farms and villages.
Mountain Hazards: If traveling through mountainous regions, be aware of rockfalls, landslides, and sudden weather changes. Keep an eye on weather forecasts before your trip.

rown Rocky Mountain Under White Sky, Cappadocia, Türkiye — Yaroslava Borz (Pexels)

Health and Safety Tips

Hydration: Bottled water is recommended in most areas, especially in rural locations where water quality may vary. Always carry water with you during the hot summer months, especially when visiting coastal areas or engaging in outdoor activities.
Medications: Bring any personal medications with you, along with basic over-the-counter drugs like pain relievers, antacids, and anti-diarrheal medicines. Most Turkish pharmacies (eczane) are well-stocked, especially in cities, but rural areas may have limited options.
Sun Protection: If you’re visiting Türkiye in summer, particularly along the Mediterranean coast, sunburn can be a real risk. Wear sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to stay protected during peak hours.
Wildlife Awareness: If you're hiking in more remote areas, especially near the Taurus Mountains or the Black Sea region, be cautious of wildlife such as wild boars or snakes:
- Snake Awareness: Wear proper footwear and stay on established trails when hiking to avoid snake bites.
- Insect Precautions: Use insect repellent, particularly in areas with mosquitoes or ticks, such as forests and rural areas. These insects can carry diseases, although they are generally not widespread in Türkiye.
Cats and Dogs: Türkiye is known for its friendly stray cats and dogs, who are widely cherished by locals. Especially in cities like Istanbul, cats are a beloved part of daily life, often seen in cafes, parks, and shops. Municipalities and citizens frequently provide food and water, and many animals have shelters. Some tips for interacting with these animals:
- Feeding: If you wish to feed a cat or dog, you’ll find it’s common practice, and pet food is widely available. Use bowls set out by locals rather than feeding them directly from your hand.
- Health and Safety: Many street animals are vaccinated and cared for by local municipalities, but avoid petting animals that appear sick or aggressive.
- Respect Boundaries: Though most cats and dogs are friendly, approach them gently and respect their space, especially if they seem shy or wary.

Cat Lying Down on a Wall in Ankara, Türkiye — Fatih Güney (Pexels)

Emergency Contacts

Police and Emergency Services:
- For immediate assistance in emergencies, dial 112. This number covers police, ambulance, and fire services across Türkiye.
Tourist Hotline:
- Türkiye’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism offers a free hotline for tourists at 0212 444 84 44, providing assistance and information for visitors.

Was this Guide Helpful?

8 out of 8 people found this article useful!

Pictures of Breathtaking Türkiye

Ancient Statues on the Nemrut Mountain, Nemrut, Tü — Ancient Statues on the Nemrut Mountain under a Starry Night Sky, located in Nemrut, nearby Adıyaman, Türkiye
Photo Credit: Onur Polat

Historic Armenian Church on Akdamar Island & and M — The historical Armenian Church located in the Western part of Türkiye, on Akdamar Island & an Old Mosque located in the nearby mountains with a beautiful Minaret, Van, Türkiye
Photo Credit: Leyla Helvaci, Kubra Kısa

Sumela Monastery in Macka & Uzungol Mosque, Trabzo — View on the Sumela Monastery in Macka & Uzungol Mosque on the Lakeshore, Türkiye
Photo Credit: Selin Yalçın Uslu, Fatih Turan, Gezgin Kadraj

Türkiye Istanbul Blue Mosque — Scenic view on the magnificent European part of the city of Istanbul, with the Blue Mosque
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Istanbul Bosphorus with Kiz Kulesi — The magnificent view on the Bosphorus and his view on the Kiz Kulesi, between the Asian and the European part of Istanbul
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Kaputas Beach Ölüdeniz South Türkiye — Kaputas Beach breathtaking view on the crystal water around Ölüdeniz, South of Türkiye
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Colorful Street Istanbul — Colorful street scene capturing the atmosphere of Istanbul
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Dolmabahce Palace Istanbul — View of the ornate Dolmabahce Palace along the Bosphorus in Istanbul
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Golden Horn Galata Tower Istanbul — Picturesque view of the Golden Horn with the iconic Galata Tower in Istanbul
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Green Mountain Road Fethiye South Türkiye — Serene green mountain road winding through the landscapes of Fethiye, South Türkiye
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Mountain Road Fethiye South Türkiye — Rugged mountain road offering views around Fethiye, South Türkiye
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Sunset Marina South Türkiye — Peaceful sunset over a Mediterranean marina in South Türkiye
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

Sunset Ölüdeniz South Türkiye — Sunset over the tranquil waters of Ölüdeniz, South Türkiye
Photo Credit: MJU Photography

❮ ❯

Breathtaking Türkiye

Introduction:

Türkiye

Top Places to Visit:

Istanbul

Cappadocia

Ölüdeniz

Pamukkale

Ephesus

Antalya & Alanya

Şanlıurfa (Urfa) & Adıyaman

Van

Trabzon

Itineraries:

Istanbul, Ankara & Cappadocia

Istanbul

Ankara

Cappadocia

West Coast of Türkiye

Izmir

Selçuk

Bodrum

Pamukkale

South of Türkiye

Antalya

Alanya

Fethiye

East of Türkiye

Şanlıurfa

Mount Nemrut

Mardin

Van

Northeast of Türkiye

Trabzon

Rize

Must Try Food:

Dishes

Adana Kebap

Iskender Kebap

Mercimek Çorbası

Desserts

Baklava

Künefe

Lokma

When is the Best Time to Go:

What to do by Seasons

Our Partners

Which is the most visited place in Türkiye?▼

Which is better, Istanbul or Antalya?▼

What is the best time to visit Türkiye?▼

How many days is enough for Türkiye?▼

Is it safe to travel to Türkiye?▼

Can a woman travel to Türkiye alone?▼

Is Türkiye easy to travel?▼

How long can I stay in Türkiye as a tourist?▼

How much money do you need to take to Türkiye for 7 days?▼

What's cheap to buy in Türkiye?▼

Should I carry cash in Türkiye?▼

Survival Kit

Essential Phrases for Travel

Local Customs

Public Transportation Guide

Major Train, Bus Stations, and Airports:

Road Conditions and Safety Tips:

Health and Safety Tips

Emergency Contacts

Was this Guide Helpful?

8 out of 8 people found this article useful!

Receive the Newsletter

Receive infos, e-catalogues, gifts & more by subscribing for free

Pictures of Breathtaking Türkiye

Similar Articles

Filter

Trending 🔥

Breathtaking Türkiye

Marvelous Morocco

Mesmerizing Poland

Continents

Tag Clouds